{"id":1117,"date":"2021-02-10T15:11:23","date_gmt":"2021-02-10T13:11:23","guid":{"rendered":"http:\/\/urgentnimedicina.cz\/?p=1117"},"modified":"2021-02-10T16:09:35","modified_gmt":"2021-02-10T14:09:35","slug":"obsah-4-2020","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/urgentnimedicina.cz\/?p=1117","title":{"rendered":"Obsah 4\/2020"},"content":{"rendered":"<p><b>\u00daVOD<\/b><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>Obsah<\/li>\n<li>\u00davodn\u00ed slovo \u2013 Jana \u0160eblov\u00e1<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><b>T\u00c9MA ROKU: PANDEMIE COVID-19<\/b><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>Nov\u00fd koronavirus SARS-CoV-2 a onemocn\u011bn\u00ed covid-19 pohledem infektologa \u2013 Vyacheslav Grebenyuk, Milan Troj\u00e1nek<\/li>\n<li>Riziko n\u00e1kazy v p\u0159ednemocni\u010dn\u00ed p\u00e9\u010di virem SARS CoV-2 a implikace klinick\u00e9 fyziologie pro zaji\u0161t\u011bn\u00ed d\u00fdchac\u00edch cest \u2013 David Astapenko, Vladim\u00edr \u010cern\u00fd<\/li>\n<li>Oxygena\u010dn\u00ed a ventila\u010dn\u00ed podpora u pacient\u016f s COVID-19 \u2013 Roman \u0160kulec, Michal Kalina<\/li>\n<li>Zobrazovac\u00ed metody u pneumonie SARS-CoV-2 \u2013 Eva Ko\u010dov\u00e1, Martin Hyr\u0161l, Ji\u0159\u00ed Va\u0148\u00e1sek<\/li>\n<li>R\u016fznorodost klinick\u00e9ho obrazu onemocn\u011bn\u00ed COVID-19 v kazuistik\u00e1ch \u2013 Robin \u0160\u00edn, Miroslav Kubiska, Dalibor Sedl\u00e1\u010dek, Denisa \u0160truncov\u00e1, Jana V\u00e1chalov\u00e1<\/li>\n<li>COVID-19 u d\u011bt\u00ed v prvn\u00ed a druh\u00e9 vln\u011b pandemie v \u010cesk\u00e9 republice v roce 2020 \u2013 Pavel Heinige, Martin Prchl\u00edk, Martin Fajt, Pavel Kamenick\u00fd, Kate\u0159ina Bar\u010d\u00edkov\u00e1<\/li>\n<li>COVID-19 \u010dasov\u011b asociovan\u00fd multisyst\u00e9mov\u00fd z\u00e1n\u011btliv\u00fd syndrom u d\u011bt\u00ed (PIMS-TS) \u2013 kazuistika \u2013 Lucie H\u0159ivnov\u00e1, Miroslava Zimov\u00e1, Miroslava Sulovcov\u00e1, Filip Fencl, V\u00edt Neumann, Tom\u00e1\u0161 Ba\u010dkai, Petr Pavl\u00ed\u010dek, Mark\u00e9ta Bloomfield, Hana Malcov\u00e1, Jitka Dissou<\/li>\n<li>COVID-19 krize a kapacita zdravotnick\u00fdch opera\u010dn\u00edch st\u0159edisek \u2013 Ond\u0159ej Fran\u011bk<\/li>\n<li>Pandemie SARS-CoV-2 a jej\u00ed dopady na psychick\u00e9 zdrav\u00ed \u2013 Jana \u0160eblov\u00e1, Dominika \u0160eblov\u00e1, Dita Protopopov\u00e1<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><b>INTRODUCTION<\/b><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>Contents<\/li>\n<li>Editorial \u2013 Jana \u0160eblov\u00e1<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><b>THEME OF THE YEAR: THE COVID-19 PANDEMIC<\/b><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>Novel Coronavirus SARS-CoV-2 and COVID-19 \u2013 an Infectious Disease Specialist\u2019s Perspective \u2013 Vyacheslav Grebenyuk, Milan Troj\u00e1nek<\/li>\n<li>Risk of novel coronavirus transmission in prehospital care and implications from clinical physiology during airway management \u2013 David Astapenko, Vladim\u00edr \u010cern\u00fd<\/li>\n<li>Respiratory support in patients presenting with COVID-19 \u2013 Roman \u0160kulec, Michal Kalina<\/li>\n<li>Imaging methods in SARS-CoV-2 pneumonia \u2013 Eva Ko\u010dov\u00e1, Martin Hyr\u0161l, Ji\u0159\u00ed Va\u0148\u00e1sek<\/li>\n<li>Diversity of clinical characteristics of the COVID-19 disease in case reports \u2013 Robin \u0160\u00edn, Miroslav Kubiska, Dalibor Sedl\u00e1\u010dek, Denisa \u0160truncov\u00e1, Jana V\u00e1chalov\u00e1<\/li>\n<li>COVID-19 in children during the first and the second pandemic outbreak in the Czech Republic in the year 2020 \u2013 Pavel Heinige, Martin Prchl\u00edk, Martin Fajt, Pavel Kamenick\u00fd, Kate\u0159ina Bar\u010d\u00edkov\u00e1<\/li>\n<li>COVID-19 Paediatric inflammatory multisystem syndrome temporally associated with SARS-CoV-2 (PIMS-TS) \u2013 a case report \u2013 Lucie H\u0159ivnov\u00e1, Miroslava Zimov\u00e1, Miroslava Sulovcov\u00e1, Filip Fencl, V\u00edt Neumann, Tom\u00e1\u0161 Ba\u010dkai, Petr Pavl\u00ed\u010dek, Mark\u00e9ta Bloomfield, Hana Malcov\u00e1, Jitka Dissou<\/li>\n<li>COVID-19 crisis and medical dispatch centres\u00b4 capacity \u2013 Ond\u0159ej Fran\u011bk<\/li>\n<li>SARS-CoV-2 pandemic and its consequences on mental health \u2013 Jana \u0160eblov\u00e1, Dominika \u0160eblov\u00e1, Dita Protopopov\u00e1<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><span style=\"text-decoration: underline;\"><strong>ABSTRAKTY<\/strong><\/span><\/p>\n<h6><b>NOV\u00dd KORONAVIRUS SARS-COV-2 A ONEMOCN\u011aN\u00cd COVID-19 POHLEDEM INFEKTOLOGA<\/b><\/h6>\n<p><b>NOVEL CORONAVIRUS SARS-COV-2 AND COVID-19 \u2013 AN INFECTIOUS DISEASE SPECIALIST\u2019S PERSPECTIVE<\/b><\/p>\n<p><b>Vyacheslav Grebenyuk, Milan Troj\u00e1nek<\/b><\/p>\n<p><b>Abstrakt <\/b><\/p>\n<p>P\u016fvodcem onemocn\u011bn\u00ed covid-19 je beta-koronavirus SARS-CoV-2 p\u0159\u00edbuzn\u00fd p\u016fvodci SARS. K p\u0159enosu infekce doch\u00e1z\u00ed p\u0159edev\u0161\u00edm prost\u0159ednictv\u00edm respira\u010dn\u00edch kap\u00e9nek vylu\u010dovan\u00fdch naka\u017een\u00fdm jedincem a kontaktem s p\u0159edm\u011bty \u010di povrchy kontaminovan\u00fdmi t\u011bmito kap\u00e9nkami. Mezi hlavn\u00ed faktory usnad\u0148uj\u00edc\u00ed \u0161\u00ed\u0159en\u00ed viru v populaci pat\u0159\u00ed relativn\u011b vysok\u00e1 virov\u00e1 n\u00e1lo\u017e v horn\u00edch cest\u00e1ch d\u00fdchac\u00edch u infikovan\u00fdch osob, p\u0159enos v inkuba\u010dn\u00ed dob\u011b i od asymptomatick\u00fdch jedinc\u016f. Infekciozita za\u010d\u00edn\u00e1 nejm\u00e9n\u011b 2 dny p\u0159ed za\u010d\u00e1tkem symptom\u016f, dosahuje maxima v den n\u00e1stupu obt\u00ed\u017e\u00ed a ve v\u011bt\u0161in\u011b p\u0159\u00edpad\u016f trv\u00e1 nejv\u00fd\u0161e 10 dn\u016f. Inkuba\u010dn\u00ed doba \u010din\u00ed v pr\u016fm\u011bru 4 a\u017e 5 dn\u016f. Zhruba a\u017e polovina v\u0161ech infikovan\u00fdch m\u00e1 zcela asymptomatick\u00fd pr\u016fb\u011bh. Spektrum klinick\u00fdch manifestac\u00ed zahrnuje nekomplikovan\u00e9 ch\u0159ipkovit\u00e9 onemocn\u011bn\u00ed, pneumonii s du\u0161nost\u00ed a hypoxi\u00ed nebo kritick\u00e9 onemocn\u011bn\u00ed s respira\u010dn\u00edm, p\u0159\u00edpadn\u011b i multiorg\u00e1nov\u00fdm selh\u00e1n\u00edm. Mezi nej\u010dast\u011bj\u0161\u00ed symptomy onemocn\u011bn\u00ed pat\u0159\u00ed hore\u010dka, \u00fanava a\u017e vy\u010derpanost, ka\u0161el, du\u0161nost, ztr\u00e1ta \u010dichu \u010di chuti, bolesti hlavy \u010di sval\u016f. Nejv\u00fdznamn\u011bj\u0161\u00ed z\u00e1va\u017en\u00e9 komplikace covid-19 zahrnuj\u00ed syndrom akutn\u00ed dechov\u00e9 t\u00edsn\u011b, akutn\u00ed ren\u00e1ln\u00ed selh\u00e1n\u00ed, kardi\u00e1ln\u00ed posti\u017een\u00ed \u010di tromboembolick\u00e9 komplikace. K laboratorn\u00ed diagnostice covid-19 lze pou\u017eit RT-PCR vy\u0161et\u0159en\u00ed vzorku z horn\u00edch cest d\u00fdchac\u00edch, pr\u016fkaz virov\u00e9ho antigenu nebo s\u00e9rologii. \u017d\u00e1dn\u00e1 diagnostick\u00e1 metoda nem\u00e1 zcela optim\u00e1ln\u00ed charakteristiky, proto je vhodn\u00e9 \u0159\u00eddit se p\u0159edev\u0161\u00edm klinick\u00fdm n\u00e1lezem a p\u0159\u00edpadn\u011b pou\u017e\u00edvat kombinaci v\u00edce diagnostick\u00fdch modalit. \u00dast\u0159edn\u00edm pil\u00ed\u0159em l\u00e9\u010dby z\u00e1va\u017en\u011bj\u0161\u00edch forem onemocn\u011bn\u00ed je oxygenoterapie, p\u0159\u00edpadn\u011b um\u011bl\u00e1 plicn\u00ed ventilace. Kauz\u00e1ln\u00ed farmakoterapie infekce SARS- -CoV-2 st\u00e1le neexistuje a p\u0159\u00edzniv\u00fd vliv na p\u0159e\u017e\u00edv\u00e1n\u00ed pacient\u016f byl jednozna\u010dn\u011b prok\u00e1z\u00e1n pouze u dexamethasonu (p\u0159\u00edpadn\u011b jin\u00fdch kortikoid\u016f).<\/p>\n<p><b>Kl\u00ed\u010dov\u00e1 slova: <\/b>COVID-19 \u2013 p\u0159enos koronaviru \u2013 klinick\u00e9 p\u0159\u00edznaky \u2013 diagnostika \u2013 komplikace<\/p>\n<p><b>Abstract <\/b><\/p>\n<p>The causative agent of COVID-19 is the SARS-CoV-2 betacoronavirus, which is closely related to the etiologic agent of the SARS. The transmission occurs mainly via respiratory droplets or contaminated fomites. The main factors contributing to the pandemic spread of COVID-19 include transmission during incubation period and the ability of the virus to reach high viral loads in the upper respiratory tract. The potential to transmit SARSCoV- 2 begins at least 2 days prior to the development of symptoms and is the highest at the time of symptom onset. The period of infectiousness lasts for a maximum of 10 days in most cases. The median incubation period is 4 to 5 days. The most common symptoms include fever, cough, shortness of breath, loss of smell and\/or taste, fatigue, headache and myalgias. Approximately one half of cases are estimated to remain asymptomatic. The spectrum of disease severity ranges from mild flu-like illness, pneumonia with dyspnoea and\/or hypoxia, to critical disease with respiratory or multiorgan failure. Severe complications include acute respiratory distress syndrome, acute kidney injury, cardiac disease and thrombosis. Diagnostic options include RT-PCR or detection of viral antigen from an upper respiratory tract specimen, serology and imaging. No single diagnostic method is entirely reliable in clinical practice and a combination of several tests together with specific clinical findings may be needed for establishing the diagnosis in some cases. Oxygen therapy and mechanical ventilation remain the mainstay of treatment for severe or critical cases. To date, no specific causal treatment of the SARS-CoV-2 has been developed. Dexamethasone and other corticosteroids are the only medications with a proven survival benefit.<\/p>\n<p><b>Key words: <\/b>COVID-19 \u2013 coronavirus transmission \u2013 clinical symptoms \u2013 diagnostics \u2013 complications<\/p>\n<h6><b>RIZIKO N\u00c1KAZY V P\u0158EDNEMOCNI\u010cN\u00cd P\u00c9\u010cI VIREM SARS COV-2 A IMPLIKACE KLINICK\u00c9 FYZIOLOGIE PRO ZAJI\u0160T\u011aN\u00cd D\u00ddCHAC\u00cdCH CEST<\/b><\/h6>\n<p><b>RISK OF NOVEL CORONAVIRUS TRANSMISSION IN PREHOSPITAL CARE AND IMPLICATIONS FROM CLINICAL PHYSIOLOGY DURING AIRWAY MANAGEMENT<\/b><\/p>\n<p><b>David Astapenko, Vladim\u00edr \u010cern\u00fd<\/b><\/p>\n<p><b>Abstrakt <\/b><\/p>\n<p>Infekce nov\u00fdm koronavirem SARS CoV-2 je multisyst\u00e9mov\u00e9 onemocn\u011bn\u00ed. K riziku n\u00e1kazy v prvn\u00edm t\u00fddnu od za\u010d\u00e1tku p\u0159\u00edznak\u016f doch\u00e1z\u00ed p\u0159i mohutn\u00e9 replikaci viru. V druh\u00e9m t\u00fddnu se a\u017e u 40 % symptomatick\u00fdch pacient\u016f mohou objevit p\u0159\u00edznaky akutn\u00ed dechov\u00e9 t\u00edsn\u011b, kter\u00e9 zpravidla vy\u017eaduj\u00ed zah\u00e1jen\u00ed oxygenoterapie a podp\u016frn\u00e9 ventilace v p\u0159ednemocni\u010dn\u00ed p\u00e9\u010di, m\u00e9n\u011b \u010dasto zaji\u0161t\u011bn\u00ed d\u00fdchac\u00edch cest orotrache\u00e1ln\u00ed intubac\u00ed a zah\u00e1jen\u00ed um\u011bl\u00e9 plicn\u00ed ventilace. Tyto procedury jsou aerosol-generuj\u00edc\u00ed a zvy\u0161uj\u00ed riziko p\u0159enosu infekce. K zaji\u0161t\u011bn\u00ed d\u00fdchac\u00edch cest bychom v p\u0159ednemocni\u010dn\u00ed p\u00e9\u010di m\u011bli p\u0159istoupit po zv\u00e1\u017een\u00ed hroz\u00edc\u00ed obstrukce d\u00fdchac\u00edch cest, p\u0159\u00edznak\u016f vy\u010derp\u00e1n\u00ed z nadm\u011brn\u00e9 dechov\u00e9 pr\u00e1ce, trvaj\u00edc\u00ed hypox\u00e9mie i p\u0159es maxim\u00e1ln\u00ed oxygenoterapii, mo\u017en\u00e9 poru\u0161e v\u011bdom\u00ed z hyperkapnie a dojezdov\u00e9 vzd\u00e1lenosti do nejbli\u017e\u0161\u00edho zdravotnick\u00e9ho za\u0159\u00edzen\u00ed se schopnost\u00ed poskytnout n\u00e1le\u017eit\u011b odbornou p\u00e9\u010di. P\u0159i p\u00e9\u010di o pacienty s COVID-19 nebo s podez\u0159en\u00edm na tuto infekci pou\u017e\u00edv\u00e1me p\u0159edepsan\u00e9 osobn\u00ed ochrann\u00e9 pom\u016fcky.<\/p>\n<p><b>Kl\u00ed\u010dov\u00e1 slova: <\/b>virus SARS-CoV-2 \u2013 syndrom akutn\u00ed dechov\u00e9 t\u00edsn\u011b \u2013 imunitn\u00ed syst\u00e9m \u2013 aerosol generuj\u00edc\u00ed procedury<\/p>\n<p><b>Abstract <\/b><\/p>\n<p>Infection with the novel coronavirus SARS-CoV-2 is a multisystemic disease. The risk of infection in the first week after the onset of symptoms (usually flulike symptoms) occurs with massive replication of the virus. In the second week, up to 40% of symptomatic patients may develop symptoms of acute respiratory distress syndrome which usually require the initiation of oxygen therapy and supportive non-invasive ventilation in prehospital care and less often securing the airways by orotracheal intubation and initiation of intermittent mandatory ventilation. These are aerosol-generating procedures and they increase the risk of transmitting the infection. The airway management in pre-hospital care should include considering impending airway obstruction, signs of unsustainable work of breathing, refractory hypoxemia despite maximal oxygen therapy, possible impaired consciousness from hypercapnia and distance to the nearest medical facility with emergency department or intensive care unit background. During prehospital care for COVID-19 patients or high suspected patients prescribed personal protective equipment is compulsory to minimize the risk of transmission of the disease.<\/p>\n<p><b>Key words: <\/b>SARS-CoV-2 virus \u2013 acute respiratory distress syndrome \u2013 immunity system \u2013 aerosol generating procedures<\/p>\n<h6><b>OXYGENA\u010cN\u00cd A VENTILA\u010cN\u00cd PODPORA U PACIENT\u016e S COVID-19<\/b><\/h6>\n<p><b>RESPIRATORY SUPPORT IN PATIENTS PRESENTING WITH COVID-19<\/b><\/p>\n<p><b>Roman \u0160kulec, Michal Kalina<\/b><\/p>\n<p><b>Abstrakt <\/b><\/p>\n<p>Kl\u00ed\u010dovou sou\u010d\u00e1st\u00ed l\u00e9\u010dby pacient\u016f s COVID-19 (Coronavirus Disease 2019) je oxygena\u010dn\u00ed a ventila\u010dn\u00ed podpora. V \u010dl\u00e1nku auto\u0159i shrnuj\u00ed aktu\u00e1ln\u00ed p\u0159ehled problematiky se zam\u011b\u0159en\u00edm na urgentn\u00ed medic\u00ednu.<\/p>\n<p><b>Kl\u00ed\u010dov\u00e1 slova: <\/b>COVID-19 \u2013 oxygenace \u2013 ventilace \u2013 akutn\u00ed respira\u010dn\u00ed selh\u00e1n\u00ed<\/p>\n<p><b>Abstract <\/b><\/p>\n<p>Respiratory support is a key part of the management of patients with COVID-19 (Coronavirus Disease 2019). In this article, the authors summarize recent overview of the topic with a special focus on emergency medicine.<\/p>\n<p><b>Key words: <\/b>COVID-19 \u2013 oxygenation \u2013 ventilation \u2013 acute respiratory failure<\/p>\n<h6><b>ZOBRAZOVAC\u00cd METODY U PNEUMONIE SARS-COV-2<\/b><\/h6>\n<p><b>IMAGING METHODS IN SARS-COV-2 PNEUMONIA<\/b><\/p>\n<p><b>Eva Ko\u010dov\u00e1, Martin Hyr\u0161l, Ji\u0159\u00ed Va\u0148\u00e1sek<\/b><\/p>\n<p><b>Abstrakt <\/b><\/p>\n<p>Infekce COVID-19 je t\u00e9matem \u010d\u00edslo jedna posledn\u00edch m\u011bs\u00edc\u016f. Z radiologick\u00e9ho podhledu se jedn\u00e1 o infekci, kter\u00e1 m\u00e1 ur\u010dit\u00e9 specifick\u00e9 zn\u00e1mky na zobrazovac\u00edch metod\u00e1ch, a to zejm\u00e9na na v\u00fdpo\u010detn\u00ed tomografii (CT) plic. Prost\u00fd skiagram plic nen\u00ed jako screeningov\u00e1 metoda onemocn\u011bn\u00ed doporu\u010dov\u00e1na, nebo\u0165 jeho v\u00fdpov\u011bdn\u00ed hodnota je velmi omezen\u00e1. CT plic u pacient\u016f s infekc\u00ed COVID-19 m\u016f\u017ee b\u00fdt v prvn\u00edch dnech infekce zcela negativn\u00ed. V dal\u0161\u00edch dnech se objevuj\u00ed typick\u00e9 zn\u00e1mky p\u0159edev\u0161\u00edm denzity ml\u00e9\u010dn\u00e9ho skla p\u0159\u00edtomn\u00e9 multilobul\u00e1rn\u011b, bilater\u00e1ln\u011b, a to samostatn\u011b \u010di s retikulacemi. D\u00e1le se typicky objevuj\u00ed line\u00e1rn\u00ed opacity a konsolidace. Mo\u017enou alternativou u netransportabiln\u00edch pacient\u016f je pou\u017eit\u00ed \u201ebed side\u201c ultrasonografie, kter\u00e1 neur\u010d\u00ed p\u0159esn\u00fd rozsah plicn\u00edho posti\u017een\u00ed, nicm\u00e9n\u011b m\u016f\u017ee objektivizovat p\u0159\u00edtomnost plicn\u00edch zm\u011bn u onemocn\u011bn\u00ed.<\/p>\n<p><b>Kl\u00ed\u010dov\u00e1 slova: <\/b>COVID-19 \u2013 v\u00fdpo\u010detn\u00ed tomografie \u2013 ground glass denzity \u2013 retikulace<\/p>\n<p><b>Abstract <\/b><\/p>\n<p>COVID-19 infection is the theme number one in the last months. From the radiological point of view, COVID-19 infection has some specific signs especially on computed tomography (CT) of the lung. Chest X ray in not recommended as a screening method for the detection of the infection. CT of the lung can be completelly negative in the first days of the infection. In the next days some specific signs can appear, like ground glass opacities bilaterally in subpleural space. Ground glass opacities can be seen alone or together with reticulations. Other typical signs are lienar opacities and consolidations. In the case of untransportable patient it is possible to use bed side ultrasound to detect lung involvement but by using this method it is impossible to detect the real extent of the lung involvement.<\/p>\n<p><b>Key words: <\/b>COVID-9 \u2013 computed tomography \u2013 ground glass opacities \u2013 reticulations<\/p>\n<h6><b>R\u016eZNORODOST KLINICK\u00c9HO OBRAZU ONEMOCN\u011aN\u00cd COVID-19 V KAZUISTIK\u00c1CH<\/b><\/h6>\n<p><b>DIVERSITY OF CLINICAL CHARACTERISTICS OF THE COVID-19 DISEASE IN CASE REPORTS<\/b><\/p>\n<p><b>Robin \u0160\u00edn, Miroslav Kubiska, Dalibor Sedl\u00e1\u010dek, Denisa \u0160truncov\u00e1, Jana V\u00e1chalov\u00e1<\/b><\/p>\n<p><b>Abstrakt <\/b><\/p>\n<p>COVID-19 je infek\u010dn\u00ed onemocn\u011bn\u00ed zp\u016fsoben\u00e9 nov\u00fdm koronavirem SARS-CoV-2. Poprv\u00e9 bylo prok\u00e1z\u00e1no v posledn\u00ed \u010dtvrtin\u011b roku 2019 v \u010c\u00edn\u011b. U p\u0159\u00edznakov\u00fdch pacient\u016f v klinick\u00e9m obrazu v\u011bt\u0161inou dominuj\u00ed hore\u010dka, ka\u0161el, du\u0161nost, celkov\u00e1 slabost a \u00fanava. U pacient\u016f s t\u011b\u017e\u0161\u00edm pr\u016fb\u011bhem se na podklad\u011b virov\u00e9 pneumonie m\u016f\u017ee rozvinout akutn\u00ed respira\u010dn\u00ed selh\u00e1n\u00ed a stav m\u016f\u017ee progredovat a\u017e do obrazu ARDS (Acute respiratory distress syndrome). Mezi rizikov\u00e9 skupiny pat\u0159\u00ed senio\u0159i, diabetici, hypertonici. Z\u00e1va\u017en\u00fdm faktorem je tak\u00e9 obezita nebo p\u0159\u00edtomnost imunodeficitu. U pacient\u016f se vyskytuj\u00ed i mnoh\u00e9 dal\u0161\u00ed p\u0159\u00edznaky mimo respira\u010dn\u00ed trakt, jak ukazuj\u00ed n\u00e1mi p\u0159edstaven\u00e9 kazuistiky. Je mo\u017en\u00e9 se setkat s gastrointestin\u00e1ln\u00edmi obt\u00ed\u017eemi, r\u016fzn\u011b lokalizovan\u00fdmi bolestmi, neurologick\u00fdmi p\u0159\u00edznaky nebo t\u0159eba exant\u00e9mem. O to slo\u017eit\u011bj\u0161\u00ed je pro l\u00e9ka\u0159e diagnostika onemocn\u011bn\u00ed COVID-19 jen podle klinick\u00e9ho obrazu.<\/p>\n<p><b>Kl\u00ed\u010dov\u00e1 slova: <\/b>SARS-CoV-2 \u2013 COVID-19 \u2013 virov\u00e1 pneumonie \u2013 du\u0161nost \u2013 akutn\u00ed respira\u010dn\u00ed selh\u00e1n\u00ed<\/p>\n<p><b>Abstract <\/b><\/p>\n<p>COVID-19 is an infectious disease caused by the new coronavirus SARS-CoV-2. It was demonstrated in the last quarter of 2019 in China at first. In the clinical picture by symptomatic patients dominate fever, cough, shortness of breath, total weakness and tiredness. Acute respiratory failure on the basis of viral pneumonia can develop in patients with more severe course and the condition can progress up to ARDS (Acute respiratory distress syndrome). Risk groups include the elderly and patients with diabetes and hypertension. Obesity or the presence of immunodeficiency is also a serious factor. There are many other symptoms in patients outside the respiratory tract, as shown by our presented case reports. It is possible to encounter gastrointestinal problems, variously localized pains or even an exanthema. It is even more complicated for doctors to diagnose COVID-19 disease just according to clinical picture.<\/p>\n<p><b>Key words: <\/b>SARS-CoV-2 \u2013 COVID-19 \u2013 viral pneumonia \u2013 shortness of breath \u2013 acute respiratory failure<\/p>\n<h6><b>COVID-19 U D\u011aT\u00cd V PRVN\u00cd A DRUH\u00c9 VLN\u011a PANDEMIE V \u010cESK\u00c9 REPUBLICE V ROCE 2020<\/b><\/h6>\n<p><b>COVID-19 IN CHILDREN DURING THE FIRST AND THE SECOND PANDEMIC OUTBREAK IN THE CZECH REPUBLIC IN THE YEAR 2020<\/b><\/p>\n<p><b>Pavel Heinige, Martin Prchl\u00edk, Martin Fajt, Pavel Kamenick\u00fd, Kate\u0159ina Bar\u010d\u00edkov\u00e1<\/b><\/p>\n<p><b>Abstrakt <\/b><\/p>\n<p>Onemocn\u011bn\u00ed COVID-19, kter\u00e9 se celosv\u011btov\u011b roz\u0161\u00ed\u0159ilo v prvn\u00edch m\u011bs\u00edc\u00edch roku 2020, postihuje d\u011bti z\u00e1va\u017en\u00fdmi pr\u016fb\u011bhy v\u00fdznamn\u011b m\u00e9n\u011b ne\u017e dosp\u011bl\u00e9. D\u011bti jsou p\u0159edpokl\u00e1dan\u00fdm v\u00fdznamn\u00fdm vektorem \u0161\u00ed\u0159en\u00ed infekce a p\u0159esto\u017ee symptomatick\u00e1 onemocn\u011bn\u00ed d\u011btsk\u00fdch pacient\u016f jsou m\u00e1lo \u010detn\u00e1, je dopad pandemie na d\u011btskou medic\u00ednu rovn\u011b\u017e zna\u010dn\u00fd. Prioritou je ochrana person\u00e1lu zdravotnick\u00e9 z\u00e1chrann\u00e9 slu\u017eby a d\u011btsk\u00fdch odd\u011blen\u00ed p\u0159ed infekc\u00ed jak od d\u011btsk\u00fdch pacient\u016f symptomatick\u00fdch pro COVID-19, tak zejm\u00e9na od pacient\u016f COVID-19 pozitivn\u00edch, ale bezp\u0159\u00edznakov\u00fdch, kte\u0159\u00ed pot\u0159ebuj\u00ed zdravotn\u00ed p\u00e9\u010di z jin\u00fdch d\u016fvod\u016f, nap\u0159\u00edklad pro trauma, intoxikaci nebo n\u00e1hlou b\u0159i\u0161n\u00ed p\u0159\u00edhodu. Na podzim 2020 se za\u010d\u00edn\u00e1me \u010dast\u011bji setk\u00e1vat se z\u00e1va\u017en\u00fdm specifick\u00fdm onemocn\u011bn\u00edm d\u011btsk\u00e9ho v\u011bku v souvislosti s pandemi\u00ed COVID- 19, co\u017e je tzv. \u201epediatrick\u00fd multisyst\u00e9mov\u00fd z\u00e1n\u011btliv\u00fd syndrom, v \u010dasov\u00e9 souvislosti s COVID-19\u201c (Pediatric Inflamatory Multisystemic Syndrom, Temporally-associated with SARS-CoV-2, zkr\u00e1cen\u011b PIMS-TS). Jedn\u00e1 se specifickou nosologickou jednotku, v\u00e1zanou k pediatrick\u00e9mu obdob\u00ed. M\u016f\u017ee se manifestovat s odstupem 2\u20138 t\u00fddn\u016f po expozici nov\u00e9mu typu koronaviru a m\u00e1 n\u011bkter\u00e9 znaky shodn\u00e9 s Kawasakiho nemoc\u00ed. M\u016f\u017ee prob\u00edhat velmi dramaticky a\u017e fat\u00e1ln\u011b, kdy\u017e limituj\u00edc\u00edm faktorem je ob\u011bhov\u00e9 selh\u00e1n\u00ed. K polovin\u011b listopadu 2020 u\u017e bylo v \u010cesk\u00e9 republice evidov\u00e1no n\u011bkolik p\u0159\u00edpad\u016f tohoto onemocn\u011bn\u00ed v\u010detn\u011b n\u00e1hl\u00fdch \u00famrt\u00ed posti\u017een\u00fdch d\u011bt\u00ed.<\/p>\n<p><b>Kl\u00ed\u010dov\u00e1 slova: <\/b>D\u00edt\u011b \u2013 COVID-19 \u2013 pediatrick\u00fd multisyst\u00e9mov\u00fd z\u00e1n\u011btliv\u00fd syndrom (PIMS)<\/p>\n<p><b>Abstract <\/b><\/p>\n<p>In the first months of the year 2020 the COVID 19 disease have spread worldwide. Children suffer from that disease significantly less frequently than the adults, nevertheless they cause quite large consequences for paediatric health care providers. Although children with symptoms of COVID-19 disease are quite rare, we suppose, that children are an important vector of viruses spreading. The goal of the highest priority is protection of the emergency medical staff and the staff of a paediatric departements from infection transmission from paediatric patients symptomatic for COVID-19 or more often of children requiring urgent health care for another reason \u2013 severe trauma, poisoning or acute abdomen etc. Rare, but serious disease of paediatric age, related to pandemia of COVID-19, is so called \u201ePaediatric Inflammatory Multisystemic Syndrome, Temporally-associated with SARS-CoV-2\u201c, shortened to acronym as PIMS-TS. This unit may present from 2 to 8 weeks after the new coronavirus exposition. There are some signs very simmilar to Kawasaki disease and the disease may run very dramaticaly or even fatal. The main complication, that may lead to death, is a circulation shock. Till the half of November there were few cases of this disease reported in the Czech Republic, including sudden deaths.<\/p>\n<p><b>Key words: <\/b>Child \u2013 COVID-19 \u2013 paediatric inflammatory multisystem syndrom (PIMS)<\/p>\n<h6><b>COVID-19 \u010cASOV\u011a ASOCIOVAN\u00dd MULTISYST\u00c9MOV\u00dd Z\u00c1N\u011aTLIV\u00dd SYNDROM U D\u011aT\u00cd (PIMS-TS) \u2013 KAZUISTIKA<\/b><\/h6>\n<p><b>COVID-19 PAEDIATRIC INFLAMMATORY MULTISYSTEM SYNDROME TEMPORALLY ASSOCIATED WITH SARS-COV-2 (PIMS-TS) \u2013 A CASE REPORT<\/b><\/p>\n<p><b>Lucie H\u0159ivnov\u00e1, Miroslava Zimov\u00e1, Miroslava Sulovcov\u00e1, Filip Fencl, V\u00edt Neumann, Tom\u00e1\u0161 Ba\u010dkai, Petr Pavl\u00ed\u010dek, Mark\u00e9ta Bloomfield, Hana Malcov\u00e1, Jitka Dissou<\/b><\/p>\n<p><b>Abstrakt <\/b><\/p>\n<p>V p\u0159\u00edsp\u011bvku je prezentov\u00e1n p\u0159\u00edpad sedmilet\u00e9ho chlapce vy\u0161et\u0159ovan\u00e9ho v akutn\u00ed pediatrick\u00e9 ambulanci pro protrahovan\u00e9 febrilie a asymetrickou kr\u010dn\u00ed lymfadenopatii. Pro alteraci celkov\u00e9ho stavu, vysok\u00e9 z\u00e1n\u011btliv\u00e9 parametry, bilater\u00e1ln\u00ed konjunktivitidu a meningismus byl odesl\u00e1n k hospitalizaci s podez\u0159en\u00edm na Kawasakiho nemoc (KD). Za hospitalizace bylo zji\u0161t\u011bno selh\u00e1v\u00e1n\u00ed lev\u00e9 komory srde\u010dn\u00ed, pro progresi stavu vy\u017eadoval pacient ob\u011bhovou podporu a UPV. Stav progredoval v horizontu n\u011bkolika dn\u00ed. Imunologem byla stanovena diagn\u00f3za PIMS-TS (Pediatric inflammatory multisystem syndrome temporally associated with SARS-CoV-2). Anamnesticky pacient neprod\u011blal onemocn\u011bn\u00ed Covid-19, \u00fadaj o pozitivn\u00edm nebo negativn\u00edm testov\u00e1n\u00ed rodiny nem\u00e1me. U pacienta v\u0161ak byly prok\u00e1z\u00e1ny protil\u00e1tky proti nov\u00e9mu koronaviru.<\/p>\n<p><b>Kl\u00ed\u010dov\u00e1 slova: <\/b>PIMS-TS (Pediatric inflammatory multisystem syndrome temporally associated with SARS-CoV-2) \u2013 d\u011bti \u2013 Covid-19<\/p>\n<p><b>Abstract <\/b><\/p>\n<p>A case report of a 7 years old boy with long term fever and asymetric cervical lymphadenopathy examined in acute paediatric outpatient clinic is presented in this paper. He was admitted to hospital for altered general status, increase of laboratory inflammatory parameters, bilateral conjunctitvitis and postitive meningeal syndrom as suspected Kawasaki disease (KD). Left ventricle insufficiency presented during hospital stay and circulatory support and artificial lung ventilation was needed for the deterioration of patient\u00b4s general condition. Progression of patient\u00b4s status occurred within a few days. The diagnose of PIMS-TS (Pediatric inflammatory multisystem syndrome temporally associated with SARS-CoV-2) was stated by immunological consultant. There were no information of Covid-19 in patient\u00b4s case history and we have also no information about Covid-19 tests in patient\u00b4s family, nor negative or positive, but novel coronavirus antibodies were proven in our patient.<\/p>\n<p><b>Key words: <\/b>PIMS-TS (Pediatric inflammatory multisystem syndrome temporally associated with SARS-CoV-2) \u2013 children \u2013 Covid-19<\/p>\n<h6><b>COVID-19 KRIZE A KAPACITA ZDRAVOTNICK\u00ddCH OPERA\u010cN\u00cdCH ST\u0158EDISEK<\/b><\/h6>\n<p><b>COVID-19 CRISIS AND MEDICAL DISPATCH CENTRES\u00b4 CAPACITY<\/b><\/p>\n<p><b>Ond\u0159ej Fran\u011bk<\/b><\/p>\n<p><b>Abstrakt <\/b><\/p>\n<p>C\u00edlem toto \u010dl\u00e1nku je sd\u00edlet zku\u0161enosti s \u0159e\u0161en\u00edm extr\u00e9mn\u00edho n\u00e1r\u016fstu zat\u00ed\u017een\u00ed pohotovostn\u00edch t\u00eds\u0148ov\u00fdch linek v souvislosti s prob\u00edhaj\u00edc\u00ed epidemi\u00ed onemocn\u011bn\u00ed COVID v p\u011bti evropsk\u00fdch regionech. \u010cl\u00e1nek p\u0159edstavuje \u0159e\u0161en\u00ed zalo\u017een\u00e1 jak na zm\u011bn\u011b metodiky pr\u00e1ce opera\u010dn\u00edch st\u0159edisek, tak na vyu\u017eit\u00ed modern\u00edch technologi\u00ed, v\u010detn\u011b technologi\u00ed pro sd\u00edlen\u00ed pracovn\u00edho prostoru. Z\u00e1kladn\u00edm p\u0159edpokladem zvl\u00e1dnut\u00ed situace je kontinu\u00e1ln\u00ed monitoring kvalitativn\u00edch parametr\u016f pr\u00e1ce ZOS, co\u017e umo\u017e\u0148uje nejen v\u010das reagovat na jejich zhor\u0161en\u00ed, ale tak\u00e9 sledovat efekt zav\u00e1d\u011bn\u00fdch zm\u011bn. C\u00edlem zm\u011bn bylo nejen vy\u0159\u00edzen\u00ed velk\u00e9ho mno\u017estv\u00ed vol\u00e1n\u00ed, ale p\u0159edev\u0161\u00edm udr\u017een\u00ed v\u010dasn\u00e9 dostupnosti rychl\u00e9 pomoci pro pacienty s kritick\u00fdm onemocn\u011bn\u00edm nebo \u00farazem.<\/p>\n<p><b>Kl\u00ed\u010dov\u00e1 slova: <\/b>zdravotnick\u00e9 opera\u010dn\u00ed st\u0159edisko \u2013 management kvality \u2013 COVID-19<\/p>\n<p><b>Abstract <\/b><\/p>\n<p>The aim of this article is to share experience in dealing with the extreme increase of workload of the emergency medical dispatch centres (EMD) associated with the ongoing COVID-19 epidemic in five European regions. The article presents solutions based on both change in the workflow of EMD and the use of modern technologies including those for sharing workspace. The basic precondition for managing the situation is continuous monitoring of the qualitative parameters of EMD, which allows not only a timely response to their deterioration, but also to monitor the effect of the changes introduced. The aim of the changes was not only to handle large number of calls, but to maintain the availability of timely emergency assistance for patients with a critical illness or injury above all.<\/p>\n<p><b>Key words: <\/b>Emergency medical dispatch \u2013 quality management \u2013 COVID-19<\/p>\n<h6><b>PANDEMIE SARS-COV-2 A JEJ\u00cd DOPADY NA PSYCHICK\u00c9 ZDRAV\u00cd<\/b><\/h6>\n<p><b>SARS-COV-2 PANDEMIC AND ITS CONSEQUENCES ON MENTAL HEALTH<\/b><\/p>\n<p><b>Jana \u0160eblov\u00e1, Dominika \u0160eblov\u00e1, Dita Protopopov\u00e1<\/b><\/p>\n<p><b>Abstrakt <\/b><\/p>\n<p>\u010cl\u00e1nek shrnuje dosavadn\u00ed poznatky o psychologick\u00fdch dopadech pandemie COVID-19 na obecnou populaci a na zdravotn\u00edky. V mnoha zem\u00edch doch\u00e1z\u00ed ke zv\u00fd\u0161en\u00e9mu v\u00fdskytu deprese a \u00fazkosti, zraniteln\u00e9 skupiny se podle jednotliv\u00fdch region\u016f mohou li\u0161it. Zvy\u0161ovala se i spot\u0159eba leg\u00e1ln\u00edch i neleg\u00e1ln\u00edch n\u00e1vykov\u00fdch l\u00e1tek a doch\u00e1zelo k n\u00e1r\u016fstu p\u0159\u00edpad\u016f dom\u00e1c\u00edho n\u00e1sil\u00ed. Lze o\u010dek\u00e1vat vy\u0161\u0161\u00ed riziko sebevra\u017ed s ur\u010dit\u00fdm \u010dasov\u00fdm odstupem, a tak je nutn\u00e9 se ji\u017e nyn\u00ed zam\u011b\u0159it na programy prim\u00e1rn\u00ed i sekund\u00e1rn\u00ed prevence. Je tak\u00e9 nutn\u00e9 zajistit dostupnost p\u00e9\u010de o osoby s prob\u00edhaj\u00edc\u00edm du\u0161evn\u00edm onemocn\u011bn\u00edm i p\u0159es zt\u00ed\u017eenou mo\u017enost jej\u00edho poskytov\u00e1n\u00ed. Autorky prezentuj\u00ed i p\u0159edb\u011b\u017en\u00e9 v\u00fdsledky \u010desk\u00e9 \u010d\u00e1sti mezin\u00e1rodn\u00ed studie HEROES, kter\u00e1 dlouhodob\u011b sleduje psychickou z\u00e1t\u011b\u017e pracovn\u00edk\u016f ve zdravotn\u00ed a soci\u00e1ln\u00ed p\u00e9\u010di. Prvn\u00edho kola studie se v \u010cR z\u00fa\u010dastnilo 1856 respondent\u016f a 1416 jich dotazn\u00edk dokon\u010dilo a bylo tak do studie za\u0159azeno. C\u00edlem studie je nejen mezin\u00e1rodn\u00ed porovn\u00e1n\u00ed dopad\u016f pandemie COVID-19 na profesion\u00e1ly, ale p\u0159edev\u0161\u00edm vytvo\u0159en\u00ed n\u00e1vrhu program\u016f podpory na z\u00e1klad\u011b skute\u010dn\u00fdch pot\u0159eb profesion\u00e1l\u016f.<\/p>\n<p><b>Kl\u00ed\u010dov\u00e1 slova: <\/b>psychick\u00e9 zdrav\u00ed \u2013 \u00fazkost \u2013 deprese \u2013 suicidalita \u2013 ab\u00fazus n\u00e1vykov\u00fdch l\u00e1tek \u2013 pandemie COVID-19<\/p>\n<p><b>Abstract <\/b><\/p>\n<p>The paper reviews current knowledge on mental health consequences both on general population and health care professionals. Many countries report higher rates of depression and anxiety, nevertheless vulnerable population groups may differ regionally. Additionally, substance abuse and rates of domestic violence also increased. Increase of suicidality is expected in the future after pandemic and so it is necessary to concentrate on both primary and secondary preventive programmes. It is also vital to ensure the access to care for patients with preexisting mental disorders despite of difficulties in providing health care in general. The authors also present preliminary results of the national part of a large international study HEROES which is a long term study on psychological stress of health care and social care workers. 1856 Czech respondents took part in the first part of the study and 1416 finished the questionnaire and were enrolled in the study. The goal of the study is not only international comparison of mental health impact of COVID-19 pandemic on professionals but mainly proposal of supportive programmes based on real needs of the professionals.<\/p>\n<p><b>Key words: <\/b>mental health \u2013 anxiety \u2013 depression \u2013 suicidality \u2013 substance abuse \u2013 COVID-19 pandemic<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>\u00daVOD Obsah \u00davodn\u00ed slovo \u2013 Jana \u0160eblov\u00e1 T\u00c9MA ROKU: PANDEMIE COVID-19 Nov\u00fd koronavirus SARS-CoV-2 a onemocn\u011bn\u00ed covid-19 pohledem infektologa \u2013 Vyacheslav Grebenyuk, Milan Troj\u00e1nek Riziko n\u00e1kazy v p\u0159ednemocni\u010dn\u00ed p\u00e9\u010di virem SARS CoV-2 a implikace klinick\u00e9 fyziologie pro zaji\u0161t\u011bn\u00ed d\u00fdchac\u00edch cest<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[33],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-1117","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-rocnik-2020"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/urgentnimedicina.cz\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/1117","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/urgentnimedicina.cz\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/urgentnimedicina.cz\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/urgentnimedicina.cz\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/urgentnimedicina.cz\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcomments&post=1117"}],"version-history":[{"count":0,"href":"https:\/\/urgentnimedicina.cz\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/1117\/revisions"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/urgentnimedicina.cz\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fmedia&parent=1117"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/urgentnimedicina.cz\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcategories&post=1117"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/urgentnimedicina.cz\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Ftags&post=1117"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}